Root transcriptional responses of two melongenotypes with contrasting resistance toMonosporascus cannonballus (Pollack et Uecker)infection

Background: Monosporascus cannonballus is the main causal agent of melon vine decline disease. Several studies have been carried out mainly focused on the study of the penetration of this pathogen into melon roots, the evaluation of symptoms severity on infected roots, and screening assays for breeding programs. However, a detailed molecular view on the early interaction between M. cannonballus and melon roots in either susceptible or resistant genotypes is lacking. In the present study, we used a melon oligo-based microarray to investigate the gene expression responses of two melon genotypes, Cucumis melo ¿Piel de sapo¿ (¿PS¿) and C. melo ¿Pat 81¿, with contrasting resistance to the disease. This study was carried out at 1 and 3 days after infection (DPI) by M. cannonballus. Results: Our results indicate a dissimilar behavior of the susceptible vs. the resistant genotypes from 1 to 3 DPI. ¿PS¿ responded with a more rapid infection response than ¿Pat 81¿ at 1 DPI. At 3 DPI the total number of differentially expressed genes identified in ¿PS¿ declined from 451 to 359, while the total number of differentially expressed transcripts in ¿Pat 81¿ increased from 187 to 849. Several deregulated transcripts coded for components of Ca2+ and jasmonic acid (JA) signalling pathways, as well as for other proteins related to defence mechanisms. Transcriptional differences in the activation of the JA-mediated response in ¿Pat 81¿ compared to ¿PS¿ suggested that JA response might be partially responsible for their observed differences in resistance. Conclusions: As a result of this study we have identified for the first time a set of candidate genes involved in the root response to the infection of the pathogen causing melon vine decline. This information is useful for understanding the disease progression and resistance mechanisms few days after inoculation.Roig Montaner, MC.; Fita, A.; Rios, G.; Hammond, JP.; Nuez Viñals, F.; Picó Sirvent, MB. (2012). 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WRKY70 modulates the selection of signaling pathways in plant defense. The Plant Journal, 46(3), 477-491. doi:10.1111/j.1365-313x.2006.02712.xLi, J., Brader, G., & Palva, E. T. (2004). The WRKY70 Transcription Factor: A Node of Convergence for Jasmonate-Mediated and Salicylate-Mediated Signals in Plant Defense. The Plant Cell, 16(2), 319-331. doi:10.1105/tpc.016980Pauwels, L., & Goossens, A. (2011). The JAZ Proteins: A Crucial Interface in the Jasmonate Signaling Cascade. The Plant Cell, 23(9), 3089-3100. doi:10.1105/tpc.111.089300Liu, F., Jiang, H., Ye, S., Chen, W.-P., Liang, W., Xu, Y., … Li, C. (2010). The Arabidopsis P450 protein CYP82C2 modulates jasmonate-induced root growth inhibition, defense gene expression and indole glucosinolate biosynthesis. Cell Research, 20(5), 539-552. doi:10.1038/cr.2010.36Sestili, S., Polverari, A., Luongo, L., Ferrarini, A., Scotton, M., Hussain, J., … Belisario, A. (2011). 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Stress-related coping styles, anxiety, and neuroticism in university students with myalgia temporomandibular: A case control study

Los pacientes que sufren dolor debido a trastornos temporomandibulares (TTM) presentan mayores niveles de distrés psicológico, estrés ambiental, síntomas somáticos, ansiedad, depresion, cogniciones de catastrofización, y otras estrategias de afrontamiento al dolor alteradas, comparados con personas libres de dolor. Sin embargo, poco se conoce acerca de los factores psicológicos involucrados en diferentes tipos de TTM. Además, independientemente de la gravedad o el tipo de TTM, el papel de los estilos y estrategias de afrontamiento al estrés en los TTM todavía no está claro. El principal objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar los estilos de afrontamiento al estrés, ansiedad y rasgos de personalidad en un grupo de estudiantes de odontología que sufren mialgia temporomandibular. Una muestra de 102 estudiantes universitarios fue inicialmente reclutada para este estudio. Tras una evaluación clínica, se formaron un grupo de estudiantes con mialgia (24 participantes) y un grupo de estudiantes control (24 participantes). Los participantes de ambos grupos fueron posteriormente evaluados en ansiedad, estrategias de afrontamiento al estrés, y rasgos de personalidad. El grupo con mialgia mostró mayor rasgo de ansiedad y neuroticismo que el grupo control. Los participantes con mialgia también mostraron un mayor uso de estrategias de afrontamiento evitativas. Las estrategias evitativas generalmente se han considerado como desadaptativas, y se ha visto que incrementan el estrés percibido, un fuerte predictor de TTM.Patients suffering pain-related temporomandibular disorders (TMD) exhibit greater levels of psychological distress, environmental stress, somatic symptoms, anxiety, depression, pain catastrophizing, and impaired pain coping strategies compared to pain-free controls. However, little is known about psychological factors involved in the different TMD types. Furthermore, regardless of severity or TMD type, the role of stress-related coping strategies and styles in TMD is not yet well understood. The main goal of this study was to investigate stress-related coping styles, anxiety, and personality traits in a group of dentistry students suffering from temporomandibular disorder with myalgia. A cohort of 102 university students was initially recruited for this study. Following clinical evaluation, a myalgia group (24 participants) and a control group (25 participants) were formed. Participants were later assessed in anxiety, stress coping strategies, and personality measures. The myalgia group presented greater levels of trait anxiety and neuroticism in comparison to the control group. Participants with myalgia also showed higher levels of avoidance coping. Avoidance coping strategies are generally considered maladaptive, as they seem to increase perceived stress, a robust predictor of TM

Recuperación y conservación de cultivares tradicionales de melón castellano-manchego

Los trabajos realizados han sido financiados por el proyecto INIARF2008-00003-C02.Ribas, F.; Cabello, M.; Castellanos, MT.; Fita, A.; Roig Montaner, MC.; Nuez Viñals, F.; Picó Sirvent, MB. (2011). Recuperación y conservación de cultivares tradicionales de melón castellano-manchego. Agrícola Vergel. 347:206-213. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/49390S20621334

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Comparison according to the phenotype and serostatus

Objective: To (1) determine the value of the recently proposed criteria of neuromyelitis optica (NMO) spectrum disorder (NMOSD) that unify patients with NMO and those with limited forms (NMO/LF) with aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG) antibodies; and (2) investigate the clinical significance of the serologic status in patients with NMO. Methods: This was a retrospective, multicenter study of 181 patients fulfilling the 2006 NMO criteria (n = 127) or NMO/LF criteria with AQP4-IgG (n = 54). AQP4-IgG and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein immunoglobulin G (MOG-IgG) antibodies were tested using cell-based assays. Results: Patients were mainly white (86%) and female (ratio 6.5:1) with median age at onset 39 years (range 10-77). Compared to patients with NMO and AQP4-IgG (n = 94), those with NMO/LF presentedmore often with longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) (p<0.001), and had lower relapse rates (p = 0.015), but similar disability outcomes. Nonwhite ethnicity and optic neuritis presentation doubled the risk for developing NMO compared with white race (p = 0.008) or LETM presentation (p = 0.008). Nonwhite race (hazard ratio [HR] 4.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4-13.6) and older age at onset were associated with worse outcome (for every 10-year increase, HR 1.7, 95% CI 1.3-2.2). Patients with NMO and MOG-IgG (n = 9) had lower female: male ratio (0.8:1) and better disability outcome than AQP4-IgG-seropositive or double-seronegative patients (p<0.001). Conclusions: In patients with AQP4-IgG, the similar outcomes regardless of the clinical phenotype support the unified term NMOSD; nonwhite ethnicity and older age at onset are associated with worse outcome. Double-seronegative and AQP4-IgG-seropositive NMO have a similar clinical outcome. The better prognosis of patients with MOG-IgG and NMO suggests that phenotypic and serologic classification is useful

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Relationship of psychological and behavioral factors in patients with temporomandibular disorders and patients with migraine

Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Odontología, Departamento de Odontología Conservadora y Prótesis Bucofacial, leída el 8/11/2019Los trastornos temporomandibulares (TTM) se refieren a un grupo de patologías que incluyen dolor en la articulación temporomandibular (ATM), área preauricular, músculos masticatorios, ruidos articulares y desviación o restricción en el rango de movimiento mandibular; abundantes pruebas han identificado numerosos factores biopsicosociales que aumentan el riesgo de aparición y persistencia de TTM. La migraña se define como un dolor de cabeza primario con ataques que duran de 4 a 72 horas y se caracteriza por un dolor pulsátil unilateral de intensidad moderada a severa agravada por la actividad física de rutina y asociada con náuseas, fotofobia y / o fonofobia. Ambas patologías, presenta una comorbilidad de alrededor del 70%, son deshabilitantes y afectan a todas las áreas de la vida, incluido el funcionamiento social y ocupacional. Tanto en migraña como en TTM juegan un papel muy importante los factores psicológicos, que ha sido ampliamente descritos en la literatura, tales como ansiedad, depresión, somatización e incluso algunos rasgos de personalidad. Por tanto, es muy relevante en el diagnóstico el eje II o biopsicosocial del individuo para su estudio y como parte de la enfermedad. Al evaluar todos los factores que contribuyen a la enfermedad, en lugar de dar primacía a los factores biológicos por sí solos, un modelo biopsicosocial permitiría explicar por qué algunos individuos experimentan como condiciones de "enfermedad" lo que otros consideran simplemente como "problemas de la vida". Aunque existen numerosos estudios sobre cómo afectan los factores psicológicos a las migrañas y al TTM, hay pocos precedentes que estudien ambas patologías de forma conjunta, a pesar de su comorbilidad. Además, aunque si se describe, no se suele tener en cuenta y se controla la presencia de migraña en los estudios sobre TTM, y la presencia de TTM en los estudios sobre migraña. Objetivo: Describir los factores psicológicos y comportamentales implicados en pacientes que padecen migrañas; en pacientes con TTM dolorosos musculares, pacientes con la combinación de ambas patologías, así como en la población control del estudio...Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) refer to a group of pathologies that include pain in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), preauricular area, masticatory muscles, joint noises and deviation or restriction in the range of mandibular movement; Abundant tests have identified numerous biopsychosocial factors that increase the risk of onset and persistence of TMD. Migraine is defined as a primary headache with attacks that last from 4 to 72 hours and is characterized by a unilateral pulsating pain of moderate to severe intensity aggravated by routine physical activity and associated with nausea, photophobia and/or phonophobia. Both pathologies present a comorbidity of around 70%, are disabling and affect all areas of life, including social and occupational functioning. In both migraine and TTM, psychological factors play a very important role, which has been widely described in the literature, such as anxiety, depression, somatization and even some personality traits. Therefore, the axis II or biopsychosocial axis of the individual is very relevant in the diagnosis for its study and as part of the disease. By evaluating all the factors that contribute to the disease, instead of giving primacy to the biological factors alone, a biopsychosocial model would explain why some individuals experience as "disease" conditions what others simply consider "health problems". lifetime". Although there are numerous studies on how psychological factors affect migraines and TTM, there are few precedents that study both pathologies together, despite their comorbidity. In addition, although it is described, it is not usually taken into account and the presence of migraine is controlled in the studies on TMD, and the presence of TMD in studies on migraine. Objective: Describe the psychological and behavioral factors involved in patients suffering from migraines; in patients with painful muscular TMD, patients with the combination of both pathologies, as well as in the control population of the study...Depto. de Odontología Conservadora y PrótesisFac. de OdontologíaTRUEunpu

Psychological and Behavioral Factors Involved in Temporomandibular Myalgia and Migraine: Common but Differentiated Profiles

Background: Many studies have revealed high comorbidity and a clear association between temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and migraine. Furthermore, evidence points out that common psychological and behavioral factors might be related to the observed TMD and migraine association. However, this association and the underlying psychological factors are poorly understood. Objective: The main goal of this study was to describe the psychological and behavioral factors involved in TMD myalgia and migraine. Methods: A sample of 142 participants were recruited to form 4 groups: migraine patients (ICHD-III criteria), painful-TMD patients (Myalgia DC/TMD criteria), patients suffering from both pathologies according to the same criteria, and control patients. After a dental and neurological examination, the patients filled several psychological questionnaires validated for the Spanish population to assess anxiety (STAI), depression (DEP), stress coping (CRI), and somatic, anxiety, and depression symptoms (BSI-18). Results: The TMD myalgia patients, in general, showed a state of elevated anxiety, somatization, and reduced coping strategies, while the patients with migraine presented greater anxiety symptoms, depression (dysthymia trait and state), and somatization. Conclusions: According to the data of the present study, situational anxiety (transient emotional state), together with the lack of coping strategies, could be more associated with TMD myalgia, while anxiety, as a more stable and long-lasting emotional state, together with depression, might be more related to migraine. Further longitudinal studies are needed to unravel whether these differentiated profiles are a consequence or possible risk factors for migraine and TMD

Proyecto de prevención contra la droga

Trabajo desde la escuela el problema de las drogodependencias que vive el alumnado en su ambiente familiar y en el barrio. Los objetivos son: fomentar el espíritu crítico respecto a la publicidad, el ocio y el consumo, proponiendo alternativas de ocio; conseguir o reforzar la autoestima y responsabilidad; ampliar y clarificar el concepto de droga y dependencia; favorecer actitudes tolerantes y solidarias; informar a las familias sobre la prevención de la drogodependencia a través de la Escuela de Padres. El tema se aborda de manera interdisciplinar, introduciendo los contenidos sobre la salud implicados en los objetivos generales de cada área curricular. El proyecto se desarrolla en el aula en cuatro unidades didácticas para la Educación Infantil y tres para Educación Primaria.Madrid (Comunidad Autónoma). Consejería de Educación y Cultura. Ministerio de Educación y Cultura. Ayuntamiento de MadridMadridMadrid (Comunidad Autónoma). Subdirección General de Formación del Profesorado. CRIF Las Acacias; General Ricardos 179 - 28025 Madrid; Tel. + 34915250893ES

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: comparison according to the phenotype and serostatus

OBJECTIVE: To (1) determine the value of the recently proposed criteria of neuromyelitis optica (NMO) spectrum disorder (NMOSD) that unify patients with NMO and those with limited forms (NMO/LF) with aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG) antibodies; and (2) investigate the clinical significance of the serologic status in patients with NMO. METHODS: This was a retrospective, multicenter study of 181 patients fulfilling the 2006 NMO criteria (n = 127) or NMO/LF criteria with AQP4-IgG (n = 54). AQP4-IgG and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein immunoglobulin G (MOG-IgG) antibodies were tested using cell-based assays. RESULTS: Patients were mainly white (86%) and female (ratio 6.5:1) with median age at onset 39 years (range 10-77). Compared to patients with NMO and AQP4-IgG (n = 94), those with NMO/LF presented more often with longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) (p < 0.001), and had lower relapse rates (p = 0.015), but similar disability outcomes. Nonwhite ethnicity and optic neuritis presentation doubled the risk for developing NMO compared with white race (p = 0.008) or LETM presentation (p = 0.008). Nonwhite race (hazard ratio [HR] 4.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4-13.6) and older age at onset were associated with worse outcome (for every 10-year increase, HR 1.7, 95% CI 1.3-2.2). Patients with NMO and MOG-IgG (n = 9) had lower female:male ratio (0.8:1) and better disability outcome than AQP4-IgG-seropositive or double-seronegative patients (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with AQP4-IgG, the similar outcomes regardless of the clinical phenotype support the unified term NMOSD; nonwhite ethnicity and older age at onset are associated with worse outcome. Double-seronegative and AQP4-IgG-seropositive NMO have a similar clinical outcome. The better prognosis of patients with MOG-IgG and NMO suggests that phenotypic and serologic classification is useful.This study was supported in part by Red Española de Esclerosis Múltiple (REEM) Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain (RD07/0060/01, P.V.; RD12/0032/0002, A.S.; Marató de TV3 [20141830], F.G.) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain (CM14/00081; T.A.)